Training and teaching since 1972, students have included police, Protective Services Officers, security personnel (including the personal bodyguard for rock band KISS) , members of the armed forces, politicians, professional sportspeople, staff and students of the Adult Education Centre (hearing/voice impaired) and many others. Limited sporting or tournament techniques are taught as Black Dragon Kempo is designed for 100% self defence/street survival skills using the most effective techniques from karate, Chinese boxing (Kung Fu) and western boxing.